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Presentations: 45 minutes, plus 10 minutes Q&A
Abstract: This presentation will feature a detailed discussion of the advance preparation, event highlights and response of Entergy to the one-two punch of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita on the upper Gulf Coast in 2005. Entergy has extensive experience in coordination of emergency response with local, state and federal authorities. The competing priorities of civil authority access controls, public safety, national infrastructure security and restoration often present opportunities for enhanced communications with other emergency responder agencies. Best practices gleaned from these and subsequent storms will be included.
Bio: Jim Case was named director of weekly operations in June. 2008. Immediately prior to being named to this position, Case served in transmission operations as manager of transmission system security. As director of weekly operations, Case is responsible for the design, implementation and maintenance of procedures and processes necessary to ensure compliance with Entergy's transmission tariff on file with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission that governs Entergy's weekly procurement process.
Case has over thirty-eight years of electric utility experience, most recently in transmission operations. He has experience in all phases of transmission and distribution, including field engineering, construction management, distribution standards and bulk power operations. He currently directs a group that performs security-constrained unit commitment including independent offers on a week-ahead basis for Entergy. In addition to his previous assignment in transmission operations, he has served as manager of transmission security coordination. staff engineer in distribution standards, and district engineer in the south-central district of Entergy Mississippi. Before joining Entergy, Case worked for the Union Carbide Nuclear Division and Gulf Power Company.
Case is active nationally in NERC. He is a member of the NERC Operating Committee, Chair of the SERC Operating Committee, Chair of the NERC Real Time Operations Standards Drafting Team, member of the Reliability Coordination Standards Drafting Team, member of the Interconnected Reliable Operations Standards Drafting Team, past member of the Version 0 Standards Drafting Team, the Reliability Coordination Working Group, the Congestion Management Working Group and the ANSI C62 working group concerned with surge arrester standards.
He has a bachelor's in electrical engineering from Mississippi State University and a master's in business administration from the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Case is a senior member of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., member of the Power Engineering Society and is a registered professional engineer in Mississippi.
Case is a member of Eta Kappa Nu, Tau Beta Pi, Beta Gamma Sigma and Alpha Epsilon Lambda.
Abstract: With the advent of multi-gas, on-line transformer Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) monitors, a large amount of data is available to determine true gassing rates of individual gases within power transformers. Prior to the existence of these monitors, which appeared in the late 1990s, electric utility power transformers were sampled manually. The frequency of regular manual sampling may be as often as quarterly for critical transformers (e.g., power plant Generator Step-Up transformers) and as little as annually or bi-annually for less critical transformers. Many transformers have load dependent internal faults and exhibit cyclic gassing rates due to cyclic loading of the transformer. As a result, manual samples may not occur at intervals that are "in phase" with previous samples. This leads to distortions and inaccurate measurements of gassing rates. This presentation discusses the use of harmonic regression analysis and piecewise linear approximation to stabilize the measured gassing rates, and to quickly determine and report changes to the measured gassing rates, respectively. The harmonic regression equation can better predict future values of dissolved gases, and when combined with evolving CO & CO2 versus degree of polymerization prediction models it is a very powerful asset management tool.
Bio: Donald Lamontagne is an Engineering Manager with Arizona Public Service Company, Phoenix, AZ and is the inventor of APS' Transformer Oil Analysis and Notification (TOAN) system, winner of the Edison Electric Institute's 2008 Edison Award, which is given annually for outstanding contributions to the advancement of the power industry.
He is currently responsible for transmission, substation and distribution outage collection and analysis, root cause of failure analysis, failure data trending, and management and monitoring of all transmission, substation, and distribution reliability programs for APS.
He is the author of two patent applications for the TOAN system: one for its exception-based notification system and one for the development of piecewise linear approximation and harmonic regression algorithms to accurately calculate gassing rates from online dissolved gas monitors.
Mr. Lamontagne received his Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY and is a member of IEEE.
Topic: Subsynchronous Resonance Event at Roland Substation
Abstract: SSR relays are utilized in the industry to protect generators against Subsynchroous Resonance oscillations that could damage equipment. In March of 2010, one such SSR event occurred during the energization of a 500/345 kV transformer at Roland Power Plant tripping a unit offline. This presentation will describe the sequence of events that led up to this unit trip and the subsequent event analysis of how Subsynchronous Resonance can affect generation components.
Topic: Does Compliance Equal Reliability?
Abstract: The electric power industry in the US (and with different drivers in Canada) now has 3 1/2 years of experience with the legislatively mandated Reliability Standards whose violation can result in up $1M sanctions per incident per day. In addition, NERC has the power to identify potential threats to reliability, issue alerts, and mandate actions that can have high cost to Registered Entities. While an engineer will optimize a product by obtaining the required outcome at an acceptable cost, Bulk Electric System Reliability Standards are developed without consideration of cost and require exacting compliance with highly prescribed requirements. Does Compliance equal Reliability? If not, why not, and what needs to be done? This session will explore the solution to these questions.
Bio: Don Watkins is Bonneville Power Administration's (BPA's) Principle Engineer for Operations Reliability and has been at BPA for 29 years, with 26 years in BPA's System Operations. He has been actively involved in addressing many of the issues that have developed in recent years such as managing constrained transmission capacity and western interconnection coordination to solve common operating problems. His duties have included managing BPA's Operations Engineering for many years, serving on the Gridwise Architecture Council as it developed the Constitution and the Interoperability framework. He participated in the investigations of the 1996 Western blackout and the 2003 Eastern Blackout and recently completed a term as Chair of the Western Electric Coordinating Council Operating Committee. Additionally He is a member of BPA's Innovation Council and Reliability Council. He is also a member of the NERC Operating Committee and Chair of the NERC Geomagnetic Disturbance Task Force.
Topic: An Economical Alternative to Ground Fault protection; Protecting your system from Copper Theft
Abstract:The three critical aspects of transmission and distribution systems, Reliability, Safety and Cost Reduction can all be achieved by reduction and elimination of copper theft. The many different methods of protection will be presented with examples from other utilities in the U.S. How these methods have succeeded will be discussed.
Topic: Transmission Line Synchronization Standard
Abstract: Tucson Electric Power's Automation Engineering group is presenting a discussion on the implementation of our transmission line synchronization standard. We utilize a distributed I/O module to switch between the line voltages to a single sync relay for all lines in a switchyard. The lines are selectable by system operators on their consoles or on a HMI screen in the substation for local control. We are also able to use synchrophasers from the sync relay to provide system operators with slip frequency between two systems.
Topic: Power Harmonic Problems at a Plastic Extrusion Plant
Abstract: A plastics extrusion plant in Massachusetts operated a 250-hp thyristor dc-adjustable speed drive from a 300 kVA l3.8 kV to 480 V utility service transformer on two miles of 13.8 kV line. The operation was marginal. Tripping of the drive occurred on under voltage dip. To raise the power factor and reduce the voltage drop, the plant personnel installed 3il) kvar of capacitors on the 480 V system. The installation was made without a power-harmonic study. The result was frequent tripping of the drives and noisy operation. It was apparent that a resonance occurred between the capacitors and the source impedance. To gain insight into the system operation, a PSpice computer simulation was performed on the plant electrical system. It was determined that the modified power system, with the capacitors installed, had a resonance frequency at the 5th harmonic. This resonance condition caused severe problems of harmonic voltage distortion, aggravated voltage drop, and caused the dc drives to trip. The PSpice computer simulation was also performed using power harmonic filter consisting of tuning reactors in series with the capacitors.
Topic: US Energy Storage Trends and Real Project Experiences
Abstract: This presentation summarizes grid storage activity in the United States, walks through actual grid-scale NaS installations and describes technology that is being deployed later this year for a community energy storage application. Energy storage can be a "balancing energy" source to deal with grid effects from intermittency caused by a greater penetration of renewable generation and the potential increase in variable loads that will be caused by plug-in hybrid and all-electric vehicle deployment.
Bio: Wanda Reder is the Vice President of the Power Systems Services Division at S&C Electric Company offering engineering, field service, and project management capabilities to utilities, developers and industrial customers through the US and Canada. She oversees technical activity associated with analyzing, engineering and constructing the most advanced smart grid technologies available including large scale batteries, micro grids, and renewable installations.
Prior to S&C, Wanda has held numerous leadership positions at Exelon and Northern States Power (now Xcel) where she has had responsibility for asset investment strategy, standards, engineering, system planning, reliability and work management, unregulated business start-ups, distribution automation, automated meter reading and development of conservation and load management initiatives. She has been active in smart grid activity before the term was used and continues to provide leadership for the deployment of leading edge grid technology.
Wanda is the Immediate Past-President for IEEE Power & Energy Society and has served on the IEEE PES Governing Board since 2002. Wanda is leading a IEEE PES campaign to double the pipeline of power and energy engineers through scholarships and career experiences. She is the Chairperson for IEEE's Smart Grid efforts and is on the IEEE Women In Engineering Governing Committee. In 2010 she was also appointed by Secretary Chu as a member of the Electricity Advisory Committee to advise the DOE Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability.
Topic: 20 MW Commercial Flywheel Frequency Regulation Plant
Abstract: The grid frequency regulation function addresses the balance between the power grid's load and power generated. The intent is to maintain the grid at the target 50Hz or 60Hz operating point. When there is more load than generated power, generators slow down under the load and frequency drops, and vice versa when the load is less than generated power. The system operator generates a regulation signal based on the difference between actual load and generated power to maintain the target frequency. Traditionally, frequency regulation is managed by varying the output of fossil fuel or hydro generators connected to the electric grid in order to match load on the grid.
Energy storage can provide a new method of regulation in which electrical energy is recycled to keep the system in balance. First, absorbing energy when it is in abundance, then discharging when there is a shortfall. The primary benefit of using storage for regulation is the significant increase in response speed to the fluctuating loads and generation. This fast response can lead to significant improvements in effectiveness and reductions in the amount of regulation needed to keep the grid in balance. A side benefit is a reduction in CO2 emissions. The ISOs have already introduced, or are in the process of introducing, market rules and tariffs to comply with FERC Order No. 890, which requires that new competitive technologies be permitted to participate in the regulation markets. FERC has recently issued a NOPR addressing pay for performance tariffs to reward the better performance of fast acting regulation assets.
Availability of this new grid technology is particularly important, since the rapid addition of variable-generation renewable resources to meet RPS standards is expected to increase the need for regulation. Flywheels are ideally suited for this application because the can deliver in excess of 120,000 equivalent full 100% Depth of Discharge cycles of energy throughput in its 20 year life with no degradation in performance.
The 20 MW flywheel-based energy storage facility, located in Stephentown, NY, is the first of such large scale plants to be utilized on the grid specifically to provide frequency regulation. The installation is comprised of twenty (20) 1MW modules. It started commercial operation within NYISO in January 2011with 8MW and will be in full 20 MW operation shortly.
This presentation will present operating data showing results to date that support flywheel-based storage can provide superior cost, emissions, and operational performance.
Bio: Mr. Lazarewicz and has been with Beacon Power Corp. for 12 years where he serves as Vice President & Chief Technical Officer. Prior to joining Beacon Power, Mr. Lazarewicz worked for 25 years in the General Electric in various engineering and managerial capacities in Power Systems and Aircraft Engines. He is a Mechanical Engineer and holds BS, MS, and MBA degrees from MIT. He is also a Registered Professional Engineer in Massachusetts, He serves on the Board of Directors of the Electricity Storage Association, is is a member the IEEE Power Engineering Society where he serves as Chairman of the Energy Storage Working Group within the Distributed Generation and Energy Storage Sub-Committee, ASME , CIGRE, and NEMA's Energy Storage Council.
Topic: Changing Interconnection Requirements for Renewable Power Plants
Abstract: Increased penetration levels of wind and solar generation have resulted in significant changes in the interconnect requirements for large wind and solar power plants. Starting from hardly any requirements initially, requirements have evolved into the need for low voltage ride-through, reactive power and voltage control, and SCADA capability and now to more advanced requirements for power and reactive power response during fault recovery, ramp rate control, curtailment, inertial response, and frequency control. This presentation will provide an overview of the various requirements and the significance of some of the latest requirements being discussed.
Bio: Ernst Camm is a Principal Engineer at S&C Electric Company. He is responsible for consulting and engineering analysis in areas including voltage stability, wind plant modeling and interconnection, transients and power quality, and application of large-scale power quality equipment solutions. He is the chairman of the IEEE Power & Energy Society's Subcommittee on Integration of Renewables into the T&D Grids and secretary of the Working Group on Dynamic Performance of Wind Power Generation. He holds a MSEE from the Ohio State University.
Topic: Frequency Management in today's changing environment
Abstract: Frequency Management within an Interconnection, such as the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC), is very important to the reliability of the entire system. Frequency management requires 24 by 7 balancing of demand and resources, utilizing the frequency measurement of 60 Hz. Increasing changes in conventional generation impacts the ability to manage frequency.
The emerging generation is variable generation such as wind. Integration of renewables impacts the reliability of the Interconnection by:
Bio: Don Badley has been a member of the Northwest Power Pool (NWPP) Staff since 1975. Don manages the NWPP Operating Committee. He is a member of the North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) Resources Subcommittee, a member of Western Electricity Coordinating Council's (WECC) Performance Work Group and has chaired numerous NERC and WECC groups.
In the past Don has been the Chair of the NERC Performance Subcommittee, Chair of the WECC Performance Work Group, a member of the WECC Technical Operations Subcommittee, a member of the WECC Control Work Group and has co-authored three IEEE papers on system control.
Also, Don has served as Chair of the Oregon Section of IEEE and Area Chair for Oregon, Washington, and Alaska. Don is a member of the Power Engineering Society.
Topic: Arizona Public Service's Smart Grid Program
Abstract: (not available)
Bio: Barbara Lockwood is the founding Director of Smart Grid for Arizona Public Service (APS) where she orchestrates energy delivery automation, smart grid customer programs, technology innovation and technical account management. Under Ms. Lockwood's leadership, APS has initiated a self-healing grid pilot, created and conceived home energy management and electric vehicle programs that take advantage of APS's 50% customer deployment of smart meters and 55% customer time-of-use rate participation. In addition, Ms. Lockwood developed the award winning Community Power Project - Flagstaff Pilot and now spearheads the smart grid components. In the project, which includes a Department of Energy study, a high concentration (1.5 megawatts) of residential, commercial and utility scale solar panels will be deployed along a single distribution line and integrated with smart grid technologies.
Prior to her current role, Ms. Lockwood founded the APS Renewable Energy department and served as its inaugural director. She developed the company's renewable energy strategy, programs and implemented the first few years of APS initiatives under the Arizona Renewable Energy Standard.
In 2008, Ms. Lockwood testified before the U.S. House of Representatives Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming as well as a field hearing with Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords on the Federal Investment Tax Credit and its effect on solar development in the Southwest. She also served on the Western Governors' Association Solar Task Force as well as the Arizona State Renewable Energy Task Force.
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